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PREVALENCE, PUBLIC HEALTH AND ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF CYSTICERCUS BOVIS IN BANBASI MUNICIPAL ABBATOIR, BENISHANGUL GUMUZ , WESTERN ETHIOPIA

Ramadan Teshome , Asmamaw Aki* and  Hissa Dingeta

*Assosa, Regional Animal Health Diagnostic and Research Laboratory. P.O.BOX 326, asmamawaki@gmail.com, cellphone +251-902330029

ABSTRACT:  Across-sectional study was conducted on Prevalence, Public Health and Economic Significance of Bovine cysticercosis at Banbasi Administrative Town, Benishangul Gumuz Region, western Ethiopia from October 2024 to June 2025 in Banbasi District local Slaughter House, to estimate the prevalence of Cysticercus bovis, economic impact, and public health significance with respect to knowledge, attitude and practice of beef consuming habit. The overall prevalence of Cysticercus bovis was 19.79% (76/384). There was significant difference (P<0.05) in C.bovis  and with origin, age factor, and body conditions. Non- significant difference (P >0.05) was reported in Cysticercosis and risk factor (cyst size, sex, and sanitary condition). Higher Cysticercus bovis cyst occurrence was recorded (28.57%) in greater than 9 years, followed by 21.83% in 5-9 years age.  Higher (33.33%) C. bovis occurrence was recorded in poor body conditions, followed by medium (29.41%) and good body condition (12.77%). Based on the origin of cattle, higher C. bovis occurrence was recorded (26.61%) in Banbasi town, followed by 19.48% in Keshmando and around Banbasi (12.26%)(P<0.05).  In majority of animals harboring C. bovis, had the tendency to be located more in shoulder (32.89%), heart (22.36%), tongue (17.10%) followed by liver (11.84%), massetor (9.21%) and lung (6.57%).  In the present study, the dominant cyst size categories were small size 60 (78.94%), followed by medium 14(18.42%) and large 2(2.63%).  Of 76 Cysticercus bovis, 53 (69.73%) were fertile, of these; 25 (47.16%) were viabile and 28(52.83%) were non viable. Besides this, 23 (30.26%) were non - fertile or degenerated cysts, of these; 14 (60.86%) were sterile and 9(39.23%) were calcified cysts. The present questionaire survey indicated that, Taeniasis was a serious zoonotic disease because of raw meat consuming habit, as Kurt, kitfo and Dulet (P>0.05). Hence, consumers‟ preference of these parts of the meat due to palatability, look or other factors has a significant contribution for increasing risk of infection by the parasite. Therefore, the presence of bovine cysticercosis and its public health hazards needs increased awareness on thier knowledge and beef consuming practices and the health impact of the cyst occurrence to safeguard the community.

[Ramadan Teshome , Asmamaw Aki and  Hissa Dingeta. PREVALENCE, PUBLIC HEALTH AND ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF CYSTICERCUS BOVIS IN BANBASI MUNICIPAL ABBATOIR, BENISHANGUL GUMUZ , WESTERN ETHIOPIA. Life Sci J 2026;23(8):1-26]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 01. doi:10.7537/marslsj230826.01

Keywords:   Abattoir; Banbasi; Cattle; cysticercosis; KAP; Taeniasis

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MAJOR METACESTODES OF CATTLE SLAUGHTERED AT ASSOSA TOWN  ABATTOIR AND COMMUNITY AWARENESS ABOUT MODE OF TRANSMISSION OF ZOONOTIC CESTODES IN BENESHANGUL GUMUZ, WESTERN ETHIOPIA

 Asmamaw Aki *  and Robel Tesema

*Assosa Regional Animal Health Diagnostic and Research Laboratory, P.O.BOX 326,  Cell phone +251902330029,  asmamawaki@gmail.com

 ABSTRACT:  A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence and associated factor of major metastases in slaughtered cattle and its community knowledge about mode of transmission of zoonotic cestodes at Assosa town Municipal Slaughter house. Out of (N= 384) bovine examined, 157 (40.88%) cattle were positive for Metacestodes, of which 116 (30.20%) and 41 (10.67%) were infected with Hydatid cyst and Cysticercus bovis, respectively, with different organ distribution. The highest prevalence of hydatid cysts was observed in lung (50.86%), followed by liver (35.34%). While the highest prevalence of Cysticercus Bovis was detected in tongue (33.33%) followed by (24.39%) masseter and (21.95%) shoulder.  Besides this,out of 116 hydatid cyst identified, the proportion of small, medium, and large cyst were 70.68%, 21.55% and 7.75%, respectively. While 70.73%, 21.95% and7.31% were small, medium and large C. bovis cyst size. In this study, animal origin, sex, age and body conditions of animals were significantly associated with metacestodes (p<0.05). The questionnaire survey indicated that there is knowledge, attitude and practices gap that predispose the communities to metacestodes infection. Backyard slaughtering habit, improper disposal of condemned organs, and wastes were cause of transmission of  methods. The findings of this study indicated that bovine hydatidosisis and cysticercosis were highly prevalent in slaughtered animals in the study abattoir. Meanwhile, the close association of people with dogs especially children who can easily acquire this disease may further exacerbates the risks indicating very low knowledge of the local community on the way of transmission of the diseases as well as predisposing risk factors. Therefore, implementing public education and control strategies targeting both the parasites and the intermediate hosts are recommended.  And also the presence of prevalent metacestodes which have significant impact on the health and production of the cattle in the study area. Therefore, Control of the parasite directed both in the intermediate and definitive host should be carried out.

[Asmamaw Aki  and Robel Tesema. MAJOR METACESTODES OF CATTLE SLAUGHTERED AT ASSOSA TOWN  ABATTOIR AND COMMUNITY AWARENESS ABOUT MODE OF TRANSMISSION OF ZOONOTIC CESTODES IN BENESHANGUL GUMUZ, WESTERN ETHIOPIA. Life Sci J 2026;23(8):27-54]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 02. doi:10.7537/marslsj230826.02

Key words: Assosa town;  C. bovis; metastases; Hydatid cyst; prevalence; abattoir.

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REVIEW ON CURRENT EPIDEMIOLOGIC STATUS AND PUBLIC HEALTH IMPORTANCE OF BOVINE SALMONELLOSIS

Ramadan Teshome  and Asmamaw Aki*

*Benishangul Gumuz region, Bureau of agriculture, Assosa Regional Animal Health Diagnostic Laboratory, P.O.Box,  326, cellphone +251902330029, asmamawaki@gmail.com

SUMMARY : Bovine salmonellosis is one of the major food borne diseases in the world and is zoonotic infectious disease of humans and animals. This paper aimed at reviewing current epidemiological and public health aspects of bovine salmonellosis. It is caused by typhimurium and dublin species of Salmonella which are etiological agents of diarrhoeal and systemic infections in humans, most commonly as secondary contaminants of food originating from animals and the environment, Commonly, salmonellae are extensively found in the environment, farm wastes and human sewage and in any material subject to faecal contamination. These bacteria have developed mechanisms to survive and cope with the host inhibiting factors, but the normal inhibition of Salmonella is primarily disrupted in the rumen and small intestine when starvation or reduced feed intake occur,  the feeding strategy leads to an increased pH in the abomasum, and antibiotic treatment kills the normal competing micro flora of the intestine. The bacteria adhere to and invade intestinal cells in the mucosa mainly associated with the Peyer’s patches in the terminal jejunum and ileum through the columnar enterocytes and specialized microfold enterocytes (M cells). Currently the organism established a resistance to multi antibiotics which results in increasing failure of treatment and severity of infection. Therefore, awareness creation about public health importance of the infection, application of scientific based management strategies and basic hygiene practices is crucial to alleviate the risks of acquiring the infection.

[Ramadan Teshome  and Asmamaw Aki. REVIEW ON CURRENT EPIDEMIOLOGIC STATUS AND PUBLIC HEALTH IMPORTANCE OF BOVINE SALMONELLOSIS. Life Sci J 2026;23(8):55-65]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 03. doi:10.7537/marslsj230826.03

Keywords: Bovine; Foodborne; Human; Salmonella; Zoonosis

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Review On: Food Chain Flow Diagram And Pathogen Control In Each Node

Hissa Dingeta Taressa  and Asmamaw Aki

kondala Woreda Agriculture office, West Wollega Zone Oromia Regional State, Western Ethiopia

BGRS , BOA regional Animal Health Diagnostic  Laboratory, P.O. BOX, 326. phone +251902330029,  asmamawaki@gmail.com

Summary: The presence of microorganisms in food poses a significant threat to public health, as it can result in foodborne illnesses with serious consequences for individuals and communities. The significance of food safety management, as demonstrated in this review, is paramount in the prevention and control of pathogenic microorganisms within the food supply chain, thereby ensuring public health. Food safety management is crucial for preventing and controlling pathogenic microorganisms in food. Collaboration across the food chain, from production to consumption, is essential for effective management strategies.  Factors like temperature, pH, and water activity, alongside advanced identification techniques, play key roles in microbial control.  Consumer education is essential in promoting safe food handling practices, thereby reducing foodborne illnesses and reinforcing confidence in the food system. In conclusion, the continuous evolution of practices, technologies, and regulations in this field drives the provision of safe, healthy, and high-quality food products, thus fulfilling the crucial mission of food safety management in contemporary society.

[Hissa Dingeta Taressa  and Asmamaw Aki. Review On: Food Chain Flow Diagram And Pathogen Control In Each Node. Life Sci J 2026;23(8):66-70]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 04. doi:10.7537/marslsj230826.04

Key words:  Food; Food safety management; fooborne;  food chain

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SEROEPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND IMMUNO-VIROLOGICAL CHARACTERISATION OF PARVO B19 IgM AMONG FEBRILE HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS IN CALABAR, NIGERIA

Etoroabasi Okpon Okpon¹, Blessing Jachinma Okonko², Edith Nnenna Oketah¹, Ann Onyinyechi Chukwu¹, Tochi Ifeoma Cookey¹ & Iheanyi Omezuruike Okonko¹

¹Virus & Genomics Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcourt,           Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria. iheanyi.okonko@uniport.edu.ng; + (234) 7069697309:

²Medical Microbiology & Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, Madonna University Nigeria, Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria

Abstract: Human Parvovirus B19 (B19V) is an icosahedral single-stranded DNA virus which causes acute and persistent infections in immunocompromised individuals. Despite its potential impact, limited data is available on the seroepidemiological and immunovirological characterisation of Parvovirus B19 in febrile HIV individuals in Calabar, Nigeria. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the seroepidemiological and clinical manifestations of Parvovirus B19 IgM among febrile HIV-infected individuals in Calabar, Nigeria. The socio-demographic characteristics, as well as blood samples of 186 consenting individuals living with HIV presenting with febrile illness, were obtained and labelled accordingly, ruling out error. Following the manufacturer’s instructions on ELISA, Plasma was extracted and tested for Parvovirus B19 IgM antibodies. The results showed an overall prevalence of Parvovirus B19, 53.2% for IgM, indicating an ongoing infection. Higher IgM seropositivity was observed among males (61.9%), age group >51 (54.2%), married (53.4%), with primary education (63.6%), and public servants (100.0%). Based on clinical characteristics, a higher IgM prevalence occurred among individuals with viral load of ≥1000 copies/mL (92.9%) and CD4 cells of ≤ 200 cells/µL (68.4%), suggesting a strong association between recent B19V infection and virological failure. In conclusion, the study showed a high prevalence of Parvovirus B19 IgM among the studied population. The outcome of this study contributed to the understanding of the burden and clinical impact of Parvovirus B19 in HIV-positive patients. It informed the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies. These results enhanced knowledge of the variables that put these populations at risk for B19V infection.

[Okpon, E. O., Okonko, I. O., Oketah, E. N., Chukwu, A. O., Cookey, T. I. & Okonko, I. O. Seroepidemiological and Immuno-Virological Characterisation of Parvo B19 among Febrile HIV-Infected Individuals in Calabar, Nigeria. Life Sci J 2026;23(8):71-79]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 05. doi:10.7537/marslsj230826.05

Keywords: Parvovirus B19; IgM; HIV; Seroepidemiological; Viral load; CD4 count; Calabar; Febrile illness

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