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Seroprevalence And Associated Risk Factors Of Pesti Des Petitis Ruminitis (Ppr) Disease Of Small Ruminants In Dangur District Of Metekel Zone, North West Ethiopia

Asmamaw Aki * and Kebede Alga

Assosa, Regional Veterinary Diagnostic, Surveillance, Monitoring and Study Laboratory, P.O. Box 326, Assosa, Ethiopia; asmamawaki@gmail.com, phone: +251- 902330029

ABSTRACT: A cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2019 to November 2020 to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of PPR in non-vaccinated areas and to assess the perception and awareness of farmers from small ruminants in Dangur District of Metekel zone, North West Ethiopia. Multistage sampling, with three hierarchical stages, was used as sampling strategy. Rural kebeles and individual animal were selected by simple random sampling. A total of 403 serum samples were collected from sheep and goats in the study district. All samples were examined for the presence of antibody for PPRV by competitive Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent assays (cELISA). Logistic regression was used to quantify the association between the putative risk factors and sero-prevalence of PPR.  PPR outbreak was occurred in the study district with morbidity, mortality and case fatality rates of 29.5%, 10.9%, 37.07% in small ruminants, respectively. The overall seroprevalence of PPR virus antibody was 32.5%. The present study revealed that sex and communal grazing are factors of PPR seropositivity in sheep and goats.  Therefore, restriction of animals movement from endemic areas, with strict quarantine and surveillance procedures should be implemented to prevent the spread of the disease and the transmission of the virus to different localities.

[Asmamaw Aki and Kebede Alga. Seroprevalence And Associated Risk Factors Of Pesti Des Petitis Ruminitis (Ppr) Disease Of Small Ruminants In Dangur District Of Metekel Zone, North West Ethiopia. Life Sci J 2025;22(4):1-16]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 01. doi:10.7537/marslsj220425.01

Key words:  Etiology; Metekel; Peste des petits ruminant; seroprevalence; small ruminants; Ethiopia

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Review on Major Dairy Cattle Diseases and their Management in Ethiopia

Abebe Mequanent

University of Gondar College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Gondar, Ethiopia, P.O. Box: 196.

E-mail: abebemequanent@gmail.com

Summary:-Effective health management is one of the important tooling for profitable dairy farming system. In addition, if there is the suspected animal, the clinical examination to identify the clinical abnormalities that are present and the risk factors that determine the occurrence of the disease in the individual or population is critical. The most economically important dairy cattle diseases are foot and mouth disease, mastitis, hemorrhagic septicemia (pasteurellosis), anthrax, black leg, brucellosis and parturient paresis (hypocalcemia/milk fever).

[Abebe, M.A. Review on Major Dairy Cattle Diseases and their Management in Ethiopia. Life Sci J 2025;22(4):17-19]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 02. doi:10.7537/marslsj220425.02

Key words: - Cattle, dairy, disease and management

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Application of Molecular Diagnostic tools in Clinical Veterinary Microbiology

Abebe Mequanent

University of Gondar College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Gondar, Ethiopia, P.O. Box: 196.

E-mail: abebemequanent@gmail.com

Summary: Nucleotide is nucleoside plus a phosphate group. Biomolecules includes all molecules such as proteins, fatty acids, it is refers to nucleic acid this days. Application of molecular technology in medicine is almost endless. Nucleic acid is the center genetic material. Two types of nucleic acids RNA & DNA. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is encoded with four interchangeable "building blocks", called "bases", Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) has five different bases: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil, and more rarely Thymine. DNA synthesis can occur only in the 5’ to 3’ direction.

[Abebe, M.A. Application of Molecular Diagnostic tools in Clinical Veterinary Microbiology. Life Sci J 2025;22(4):20-25]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 03. doi:10.7537/marslsj220425.03

Key words: Application; diagnostic tools; molecular

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Principle of the Animal Diseases; Eradication, Prevention, Mitigation and Control

Abebe Mequanent

University of Gondar College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Gondar, Ethiopia, P.O. Box: 196.

E-mail: abebemequanent@gmail.com

Summary: To create disease free environment: good management of farm animals and disease eradication, prevention, mitigation and control of disease is really important. An emerging disease is a disease diagnosed for the first time and re-emerging disease’ is the disease reappearance in a defined time period and location. Quarantine or Isolation, Slaughter/culling (test and slaughter, stamping out, preemptive culling), vaccination, animal movement control and therapeutic treatment and prophylactic treatment are a key factors for strategies of disease control. Out of the above disease elimination  program, prevention (good management and vaccination) is the best disease control method  in Ethiopia. Vaccination is the introduction of vaccine in to the body to produce immunity to specific diseases.

[Abebe, M. Principle of the Animal Diseases; Eradication, Prevention, Mitigation and Control, Life Sci J 2025;22(4):26-30]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 04. doi:10.7537/marslsj220425.04

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