Welcome to send your manuscript to: lifesciencej@gmail.com

No.

Titles / Authors /Abstracts

Full Text

No.

1

Evaluating the morphological and yield traits of Lentil (Lens culinaris L.) advance lines under water stress condition

Shaheen Riaz¹, Aysha Kirn¹, Aziz Ur Rehman², Sadia Kaukab², Munazza Rafique², Aqsa Tahir², Usman Saleem³ and Sobia Ijaz²

¹ University of Agriculture, Faisalabad.

²Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad.

³College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha

Corresponding author’s email: kaukabsadia@yahoo.com, shaheenriaz051@gmail.com

Abstract: Lentil is an important pulse crop in Pakistan which is used in combination with cereals to balance the diet. The current study was conducted to evaluate the lentil advance lines under water stress condition at Pulses Research Institute of Faisalabad. In order to examine the effect of drought stress on lentil (Lens culinaris M.) varieties field research were carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications at Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Results of combined analysis of variance showed that all the studied characters were controlled by drought stress situations. Accession 12503 showed maximum height that were 12.5cm at flowering and 38.69cm at maturity under water stress condition while the accession 11510 showed minimum height that were 9.48cm at flowering and 36cm at maturity. Accession 13502 showed maximum days to flowering that were 98 days at flowering and 137 days at maturity, while other characters showed minimum days to flowering and maturity. Accession 12503 showed maximum canopy temperature that was 19.67 ⁰C and line 13514 showed minimum canopy temperature that was 16⁰C. The accession 12512 had highest seed yield that was 690g and accession11508 had minimum seed yield that was 328g. It was examined that certain characters like canopy temperature, seed yield, total grain weight showed positively significant correlation and other traits like No of pod per plant, No of primary branches, No of secondary branches, plant height at flowering and maturity, Days to flowering and maturity and seed per pod showed negatively correlation under water stress. Results indicate that under water stress condition all morphological traits of lentil showed positive and negative correlation with each other, certain characters showed positive effect and some showed negative effect.

[Shaheen Riaz, Aysha Kirn, Aziz Ur Rehman, Sadia Kaukab, Munazza Rafique, Aqsa Tahir, Usman Saleem and Sobia Ijaz. Evaluating the morphological and yield traits of Lentil (Lens culinaris L.) advance lines under water stress condition. Life Sci J 2020;17(5):1-23]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1. doi:10.7537/marslsj170520.01.

Key words: Drought, stress, Lentil, Yield

Full Text

1

2

Biotic Stress as a Defense Mechanism in Soybean (Glycine max L.) toward Microbial Pathogen: Biochemical and Physiological Pathways study

Mohammed Abdul Rahman Al-Muwayhi

Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shaqra University, P.O. Box 33, Shaqra, 11961, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, (Mailing address: Saudi Arabia p. 33 Zip Code 11961 Shaqra University)

Abstract: In the new global economy, fungal infection has become a central issue for crops. The soil- borne fungus Fusarium solani. f. sp. glycine roots and leading to the phenomena of sudden death disease. Some facets of the interaction within the soybean/Fusarium solani. f. sp. glycines. Pathosystem have been elucidated. The reaction of soybean varieties concerning their resistance has been evaluated against an artificial background infection, prepared from the Fusarium fungi characterized by increased pathogenicity. The plant possessing special effective mechanisms to evade or bear the pressures which permit them to defend and acclimatize to the stressful circumstances. This adaptation includes the anatomical, morphological, molecular and biochemical levels. Some of the mechanisms / modifications implemented by plants to acclimatize and defend against the ecological stressful conditions including reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling, epigenetic memories, molecular crosstalk, synthesis and releasing of plant hormones like ethylene, salicylic acid, abscisic acid and jasmonic acid, change inorganic ion fluxes and in redox status, systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and R-gene resistance. The biochemical response of soybean roots to FSG infection, was studied in the current study through matching FSG-inoculated and non-inoculated roots of soybean. This paper contests the claim that the defense response was established by the extraction method for phytoalexins glyceollin from soybean-based on different techniques (TLC, SDS-PAGE, and HPLC) which disclosed that the self-protective response pathway of the tested plants was also proprietary by the induction of peroxidase isozymes production. The incubation temperatures 30C must affect the elicitors to be raised. According to Hypocotyls inoculation, the tested cultivar of Crowford was resistant in comparison with moderate susceptibility in Gizza 22 after Fusarium inoculation.

[Mohammed Abdul Rahman Al-Muwayhi. Biotic Stress as a Defense Mechanism in Soybean (Glycine max L.) toward Microbial Pathogen: Biochemical and Physiological Pathways study. Life Sci J 2020;17(5):24-36]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2. doi:10.7537/marslsj170520.02.

Keywords: Soybean, TLC, HPLC, Fusarium, phytoalexins, biochemical response

Full Text

2

3

Evaluation of some organophosphorous and carbamate pesticides against Culex pipiens transmitting Rift Valley fever: toxicological and enzymatic studies

Sundws Sadiq Munshi¹: Dr. Naser A. Alkenani² and Prof. Khatter A. Najat¹

¹University of Jeddah, Faculty of science – Biology Department, Jeddah, Saudia Arabia

² King Abdul Aziz Universities, Faculty of Science – Biological Science Department, Jeddah, Saudia Arabia

najat.khatter4@gmail.com

Abstract: The present study aimed to Study the toxic effects of some phosphorous and carbate compounds against the end of the third and the beginning of the fourth life of larval stage of Culex pipiens this study, carried out with pesticides, is still used to this day, raising the alarm about its use and its impact on workers in the field of control.

[Sundws Sadiq Munshi; Naser Alkenani and Khatter Najat. Evaluation of some organophosphorous and carbamate pesticides against Culex pipiens transmitting Rift Valley fever: toxicological and enzymatic studies. Life Sci J 2020;17(5):37-46]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 3. doi:10.7537/marslsj170520.03.

Keywords: Organophosphorous, Carbamate, pesticides, Culex pipiens

Full Text

3

4

Resolving Morphological Nomenclatural Conflict between Musa sapientum L and Musa paradisiaca L using qualitative Flavonoid and Anthocyanin tests

Joseph Ebigwai, Blessing Ngele

Department of Plant and Ecological Studies, University of Calabar, Calabar.

ebijoe4@gmail.com

Abstract: The challenge in the use of morphological characters in the authentication of species possessing similar vegetative morphology has stretched the integrity of the Expert Recognition Method (ERM). Chemotaxonomy is one of the offshoots of the limitations imposed on the scientific enterprise by the ERM. This study was conducted to test the applicability of routine phytochemical tests by the use of color and precipitate in the authentication of Musa sapientum and Musa paradisica using their frond. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometer (GCMS) analyses was conducted to possibly infer the mechanisms of action responsible for the observations obtained using the unique chemical signatures in each sample. Fresh leaf samples were obtained, processed and analyzed following standard phytochemical and GCMS protocols. The result obtained from phytochemical analyses showed that the two specimens can be differentiated based on color change when their extracts are subjected to either flavonoid test (basic) or Anthocyanin test. Eight other tests did not prove useful in discriminating between them. When the extracts were exposed to GCMS analyses, the result revealed the existence of six flavonoid compounds unique to M. paradisica and one alcoholic compound unique to M. sapientum. Conclusively, a taxonomic key was constructed for to be used to authenticating both species at any time across all phases of the taxa life cycle. The cost affordability, rapidity, potency and its application whenever and wherever the need arises makes this approach novel and interesting. However, further research utilizing frond samples obtained across different habitats, different times of the day backed with soil analyses needed be conducted before a statement on its universal application could be authoritatively made.

[Ebigwai JK, Ngele B. Resolving Morphological Nomenclatural Conflict between Musa sapientum L and Musa paradisiaca L using qualitative Flavonoid and Anthocyanin tests. Life Sci J 2020;17(5):47-54]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 4. doi:10.7537/marslsj170520.04.

Keywords: Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometer (GCMS), Musa species, Nomenclature, Phytochemical, Calabar.

Full Text

4

5

A novel Score of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Level in Evaluation of Egyptian Diabetic Patients Suffering from Hypothyroidism.

¹Nesma A. Wasel, ²Ibrahim A. Emara, ¹Fardous F. Elsenduny, ^3,4Salem A. Habib and ¹Magdy M. Youssef.

¹ Clinical Researcher, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt.

² Biochemistry Department, National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Egypt.

³ Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt.

⁴ Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.

nesmaahmed873@gmail.com

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and thyroid diseases are two common endocrinopathies seen in the general population. Diabetes mellitus is one of the fundamental wellbeing fears in developing countries. Insulin resistance is interrelated to thyroid dysfunction. Hyper- and hypothyroidism have been correlated with insulin resistance which has been conveyed to be the key purpose of deficient glucose metabolism in T2DM. The Fibroblast growth factor 21(FGF-21) is a systemic metabolic modulator identified to regulate miscellaneous biological functions parallel to the actions of thyroid hormone. Thyroid hormone (TH) modulates FGF-21 levels in the liver and the adipose tissues. In opposing, peripheral FGF21 dispensation consequences in deficient circulating levels of thyroid hormone. These data suggest that FGF21 and TH could interrelate to schematize metabolism. In 50 hypothyroidism patients (25 T2DM and 25 without T2DM), 25 T2DM patients without hypothyroidism, and 25 healthy controls, the level of FGF21 was measured with ELISA. The differences in serum FGF21 concentrations were examined in patients with variable thyroid function. The results revealed that the mean frequency of circulating FGF21 was greatly significant to that in hypothyroidism patients than control, nonetheless, it was similar in T2DM patients without hypothyroidism. To sum up, Evaluation of FGF21 is related to the prediction of Hypothyroidism patients’ grade.

[Nesma A. Wasel, Ibrahim A. Emara, Fardous F. Elsenduny, Salem A. Habib and Magdy M. Youssef. A novel Score of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Level in Evaluation of Egyptian Diabetic Patients Suffering from Hypothyroidism. Life Sci J 2020;17(5):55-66]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 5. doi:10.7537/marslsj170520.05.

Keywords: FGF-21, DM, Hypothyroidism, TSH

Full Text

5

6

Case report: post-cesarean section pressure injury after epidural analgesia-clinical and patient perspectives

Hana H. Webair, MBBS ^1,2 and Raed S. Ahmed, MBCh, FRCSC, FACOG, MScCH ³

¹Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Hadhramout University, Mukalla, Yemen

²International Medical Center, Jeddah, Suadi Arabia

³ Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Umm Al Qura University, Makah, Suadi Arabia

hhwebair@gmail.com

Abstract: Introduction: Pressure injury is one of the infrequent but well recognized complications after epidural analgesia. There are few published studies about pressure injury (PI) complicating epidural analgesia, including a report of three post-cesarean section (CS) women. We reported two cases of post-cesarean PI after epidural analgesia including clinical and, for the first time, patient perspectives. Case study: The current report discussed two cases of post-cesarean section, healthy, young patients who received postoperative epidural analgesia and developed pressure injury. Patients were admitted in September 2018 for elective cesarean section in OBGYN department in a private hospital, Jeddah, KSA. The operations were done under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia with spinal anesthesia was at the level of L4-L5. Surgeries were uneventful. They received epidural analgesia for postoperative pain control consisting of Fantenyl 2mcg/ml and bupivaine 0.125% and continued during day one postoperatively. Case 1 is 28- year-old, started complaining of left heel pain 36 hours postoperatively with no visible abnormality on examination. Few hours later, she developed stage 2 pressure injury manifested by a painful blister in her left heel 6*7 cm. Local soothing cream was applied. The pain decreased gradually as well as the blister size. It took 2 months to dry leaving a hyperpigmented black area. Case 2: 37- year-old, started complaining of severe pain in her left buttock around 30 hours postoperatively. There was stage 1 pressure injury appeared as non-blanchable erythema on her left buttock 6*7cm, and left heel 3*3cm. The wound was managed by wound care team. Both patients had sensory and motor block, they did not receive pressure injury preventive measures as regular turn and pressure relieving mattress. Both cases improved uneventfully. Conclusion: Pressure injury can complicate post cesarean section epidural analgesia in young healthy persons. PI has a significant psychosocial impact especially in postpartum patient. Health care providers should be aware and inform the patient about this uncommon but serious complication.

[Hana H. Webair, MBBS, and Raed S. Ahmed, MBCh, FRCSC, FACOG, MScCH. Case report: post-cesarean section pressure injury after epidural analgesia-clinical and patient perspectives. Life Sci J 2020;17(5):67-71]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 6. doi:10.7537/marslsj170520.06.

Keywords: epidural analgesia; pressure ulcer; cesarean section

Full Text

6

7

Technical Efficiency Analysis of Arable Crop Farmers with and without Access to Credit in Nigeria

Oluwatusin F.M.^*, Ajiboye A., Osundare F.O., Adekunmi A.O., Toluwase S.O.W. and Akokoh F.E.

Department of Agricultural Economics & Extension Services, Ekiti State University

P.M.B 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

Corresponding Author E-mail*: femi.oluwatusin@eksu.edu.ng

Abstract: Many reasons have been advanced for the declining agricultural productivity in Nigeria, part of which include, the issue of relative efficiencies (allocative, technical and economic) and farmers’ limited access to credit facilities. This study investigates the technical efficiency of the arable crop farmers access and without access to credit in Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 240 arable crop farmers randomly from the study area while a well-structured questionnaire was used to retrieve information from the respondents. Descriptive statistic and Stochastic Frontier Production Function (SFPF) were used to analyze the data collected. The result shows that males were more prominent with 75.8 percent for the farmers with access to credit and 78 percent for farmers without access to credit. The average ages of those with and without access to credit were 47 years and 47.28 years respectively. Also, 81.9 percent (access to credit) and 85.7 percent (without access to credit) of the respondents were married. Most (62.4%) of the farmers with access to credit had tertiary level of education while most (50.5%) of the farmers without access to credit attained secondary education. The means household size of 5.76 and 5.69 members were recorded for farmers with access and without access to credit respectively. Farmers with access to credit over-utilized labor while the resource was under-utilized among the farmers without access to credit. Both categories of farmers under-utilized planting materials but over utilized agrochemical and fertilizer inputs. Inefficiency model revealed that as arable crop farmers grow older their levels of technical efficiency in production increase. For the farmers with access to credit, men are less technically inefficient but more technically efficient while with those without access to credit, men are more technically inefficient and less technically efficient when compared with their women counterparts. In addition, for both categories of farmers as the educational level (number of years spent in formal schools) increases, farmers technical inefficiencies reduce and their technical efficiencies increase and vice versa. Also, result indicated that increase in household size increases the technical inefficiency and reduces technical efficiency for both categories of farmers. The mean output oriented efficiency of 34 percent and 35 percent for those with access and non-access to credit respectively showed that the farmers without access to credit are more technically efficient as the farmers operate on the same frontier. It is recommended that in order to utilize the available credit facilities extended to farmers wisely, there is need to monitor and provide technical information on how to combine the limited factors of production efficiently.

[Oluwatusin F.M., Ajiboye A., Osundare F.O., Adekunmi A.O., Toluwase S.O.W. and Akokoh F.E. Technical Efficiency Analysis of Arable Crop Farmers with and without Access to Credit in Nigeria. Life Sci J 2020;17(5):72-80]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 7. doi:10.7537/marslsj170520.07.

Key words: Efficiency, credit, arable crops, Stochastic Frontier

Full Text

7

8

Combining ability analysis for seed cotton yield related traits in upland cotton

Mumtaz Hussain², *Aqsa Tahir¹, Rabia Saif², Sidra Tahir³, Zainab Tahir²_, Razia Sultana ², Masood Qadir² and Bilal Nawaz²

¹Pulses Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

²Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

²Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

aqsatahir24@yahoo.com

Abstract: Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the one of the significant crop in the world as fiber crop. It is also worthy source of edible oil. To assess the genetics of yield and yield favoring characters an experiment were executed at field area of Plant Breeding and Genetics department, University of Agriculture Faisalabad from 2015-17. Five genotypes of cotton were sown in the glasshouse. At the flowering stage crosses were attempted in all potential combinations. The five parents and 20 F₁ crosses were sown in the field in randomized complete block design within three replications. Data on various traits was collected using standard procedures from field when crop is at maturity stage. Data found to be significant for most of the traits when subjected to RBCD. According to GCA estimates, the parent CIM595 verified to be the good general combiner for maximum characters such as seed index, lint index, seed weight per plant, number of bolls per plant and sympodial branches. The combination VH371×CIM595 had high SCA effects for most of the important traits of cotton i.e. fiber fineness and fiber length. the cross KEH×VH371 exposed good reciprocal effects for most of the cotton traits i.e. plant height, number of bolls per plant, ginning out turn, seed index, lint index, seed weight per boll, seed weight per plant, number of seed per boll, monopodial branches, number of bolls per plant and seed cotton yield by exposing data to diallel analysis by means of Griffing’s approach model 1 and method 1.

[Mumtaz Hussain, Aqsa Tahir, Rabia Saif, Sidra Tahir, Zainab Tahir_, Razia Sultana, Masood Qadir and Bilal Nawaz. Combining ability analysis for seed cotton yield related traits in upland cotton. Life Sci J 2020;17(5):81-84]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 8. doi:10.7537/marslsj170520.08.

Key words: Upland cotton, Combining ability analysis, Seed cotton, Yield

Full Text

8

9

Evaluation of clinical and hormonal parameters in obese polycystic ovarian syndrome from Bahawalnagar city, Pakistan

*Maria Amjad¹, Ayesha Shafeeq², Javed Anver Qureshi¹, Qurban Ali¹ and Arif Malik¹

¹Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore Pakistan

²Postgraduate Anesthesia Resident Shalamar Hospital Lahore, Pakistan

Corresponding Author Email address: mariya.amjad1@gmail.com, saim1692@gmail.com  

Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is known as a widespread endocrine disorder that is affecting up to 12 percent of all women. There is a noteworthy relationship of symptoms in between thyroid diseases and PCOS. Thyroid gland is very important endocrine gland and has special effects equally on androgen and estrogen metabolism. Obesity is also related to polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothyroidism which is resulting in insulin resistance. The main objectives of this study were to reveals about the prevalence of the hypo-thyroidism and hyper-prolactinemia in between women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome. The level of thyroid hormone was measured in the obese and polycystic ovary patients. This was a case of control study. The Blood samples for the measurement of hormonal level in age of (16 to 40) females, which is collected from the department of Gynecology and obstetrics in DHQ Hospital Bahawal Nagar. Questionnaire was also filled by the patients. The blood samples were stored at-20◦c until the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were performed, free tri-idothyrionine (FT3), free tetre-idothydrionine (FT4), Estrogen, Prolactin and an increased level of TSH Estrogen but decreased FT4 and FT3 level in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome group as compared to Obese PCOS group. Remarkable upraise of TSH level in PCOS Obese females as interconnected to the PCOS females, obese females and the normal females was supposed. Prolactin level was found higher in PCOS and Obese-PCOS female group but lower in obese and normal female group. it was found that many of the PCOS obese having females had higher level of estrogen but low level in PCOS female as compared to PCOS obese in which level are low too. The thyroid antibodies were higher in PCOS obese group as well in PCOS group. Thus thyroid profile analysis can help in the treatment and providing the better insight into symptomatology.

[Amjab M, Shafeeq A, Quarshi JA, Ali Q, Malik A. Evaluation of clinical and hormonal parameters in obese polycystic ovarian syndrome from Bahawalnagar city, Pakistan. Life Sci J 2020;17(5):85-91]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 9. doi:10.7537/marslsj170520.09.

Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome, endocrine disorder, thyroid hormone, Estrogen, Prolactin

Full Text

9