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The identification of genus, species and distribution of hard and soft Ticks collected from livestock and fowl bodies in Aleshtar and Aligodarz counties, Lorestan Province, Iran

Mohammad Hassan Kayedi¹, Mahmmod Reza Taherian², Asadolah Hosseini-Chegeni³, Ali Chegeni-Sharafi⁴, Hamid Mokhayeri⁴

^1.Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.

^2.Department of Public Health, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.

^3.Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.

^4.Health Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.

Kayedi78@yahoo.co.uk

Abstract: Hard ticks (Ixodidae family) transmit Arboviruses, bacteria and parasites to human and animals. One of the most important viruses that ticks transmit from animals to human is Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, the fact that its importance has been proved. So the study of fauna of ticks in the area, for the control and prevention of the mentioned disease, is of great importance. Ticks were collected from four geographical sites (North, South, West and East) of each county. Bodies of sheep, goats and cows in 30 villages (each village 20 livestock) of Aleshtar and Aligodarz counties were examined and ticks were collected from their bodies. Genus and species of ticks were identified in laboratory. Six hundred livestock were examined and 321 ticks were collected from their bodies. Among them 2 genus including Hyaloma, and Rypicephalus were identified. Two species of genus Hyaloma (Hyaloma anatolicum, and H.asiaticum), and one species of genus Rypicephalus (Rypicephalus sanguineous) were identified. 286 ticks (89.1%) of Rypicephalus sanguineous was collected, so the dominant species of the area was Rypicephalus sanguineous. 35 (10.9%) Hyaloma with two identified species had most population of collected ticks after Rypicephalus sanguineous. Argas persicus was identified as only soft tick in the area that was collected from fowl bodies. In this study two genus and three species of hard ticks (Ixodidae family) were collected from livestock and only one species was collected from fowls. Due to importance of ticks as vectors of diseases to humans, control of these external parasites and campaign against them are important tools in prevention of vector – borne diseases.

[Mohammad Hassan Kayedi, Mahmmod Reza Taherian, Asadolah Hosseini-Chegeni, Ali Chegeni-Sharafi, Hamid Mokhayeri, The identification of genus, species and distribution of hard and soft Ticks collected from livestock and fowl bodies in Aleshtar and Aligodarz counties, Lorestan Province, Iran. Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):1-6]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1. doi:10.7537/marslsj1301s1601.

Keywords: Tick, Fauna, Ixodidae, Argazidae, Khorramabad

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A survey of home based rehabilitation model performance for movement disorders caused by neurological injuries

Amouzadeh Khalili M., Rasoulzadeh M., Mirshja F.

Neuromuscular Rehabilitation Research Center, Rehabilitation College, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran

moh35ir@yahoo.co.uk

Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of home based rehabilitation model performance for movement disorders caused by neurological injuries. Method: 24 volunteers with movement disorders caused by neurological injuries were included in the study. The participants randomly assigned in one of the two groups, the interventional and the control groups. Intervention program was carried out at home. The average ages of the two groups, interventional and control, were 5.8 and 6.3 years, respectively. Two measurements were applied to determine any alteration in patient improvement: Barthel index was used for measurement of ADL, and EQ-5D (euroqol) was used for quality of life. The assessments for the two groups were carried out twice (pre-tests and post-tests). Reassessments were carried out for the two groups at the end of week 5. Results: Comparison of pre- and post-treatment assessment results of Barthel index in the interventional group indicated a difference in terms of recovery, (P < 0.05). Comparison of pre- and post-treatment assessment results of quality of life in the interventional group indicated a difference in terms of recovery (P < 0.05). The results of the two assessment methods: Barthel index and quality of life, revealed no significant differences between pre and posttests. Conclusion: The results of this study proved that home based rehabilitation model may enhance the function of the patients and improve the family quality of life.

[Amouzadeh Khalili M., Rasoulzadeh M., Mirshja F. A survey of home based rehabilitation model performance for movement disorders caused by neurological injuries. Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):7-13]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2. doi:10.7537/marslsj1301s1602.

Keywords: Home based rehabilitation, movement disorders, Barthel index, and quality of life

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Debt Restructuring and Country Risk Assessment for Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines and Indonesia

Cheng Fan-Fah, See-Nie Lee, Taufiq Hassan

Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Economics and Management,

University Putra Malaysia, 43400 , Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia,

chengfanfah@yahoo.com

Abstract: This paper aims to investigate and compare country risk of four ASEAN countries. These countries are geographically related in South Asia. However, they are differences in the economic development and growth. The Two-Limit Tobit Model is use to study empirically the important factors affecting the debt service capacity of borrowing countries. The period is from 1970 to 2013. A quarterly-ahead debt rescheduling ratios are used as the proxy for debt restructuring. Using the debt rescheduling ratios, we emphasize the role of relative sizes of debt rescheduling in predicting external debt crisis. A special emphasis is given to the seven crises, namely, the World Oil Crisis (1973-74), IMF Crisis (1976), Crisis of 1982, Black Monday 1987, the Saving and Loan Crisis (early 1990s), the Asian Financial Crisis (1997) and the Mortgage Crisis (2007) and their predictability. The results show that crises do effect the risk of debt restructuring for Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand, but lesser extend for Indonesia, probably due to less proportion of borrowing in term of the size of Indonesia GDP.

[Cheng Fan-Fah, See-Nie Lee and Taufiq Hassan. Debt Restructuring and Country Risk Assessment for Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines and Indonesia. Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):14-19]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 3. doi:10.7537/marslsj1301s1603.

Keywords: Country risk; debt crises; ASEAN; debt restructuring

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The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility Programs for Saudi Corporations in Sustainable Development "An applied Study on a Sample of Corporations in Jeddah"

Mohamed said Abd Elmageed Ibrahim ²

Department of Sociology, Faculty of Arts, Tanta University, Egypt

m_said1971@hotmail.com

Abstract: This study aims to identify the role of corporate social responsibility programs for Saudi Corporations in sustainable development, and by comparing these programs with programs of corporate social responsibility in advanced countries, and also by applying the questionnaire on a sample size of 90 individual staff departments corporate social responsibility in some Corporations in Jeddah to identify the their vision of social responsibility programs implemented by their Corporations. This study belongs to descriptive studies based on social survey sample and comparative method. Among the most important results of the study, the low awareness of the personnel departments corporate social responsibility Saudi companies sense the real social responsibility and its role in sustainable development, and societal difficulties ranks first as the most important obstacles and difficulties that hinder the implementation and application of corporate social responsibility programs, and administrative difficulties which reflects the failure of the many parties, such as the media and the authorities of educational and cultural role in the publication of a culture of corporate social responsibility which hinders the implementation of social responsibility programs. The respondents gave a number of suggestions for activate the role of companies in the field of social responsibility of the most important laws setting binding big corporations act as a community, and to participate in seminars and conferences, and to provide financial and moral support for corporations implementing social responsibility programs.

[Mohamed said Abd Elmageed Ibrahim. The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility Programs for Saudi Corporations in Sustainable Development "An applied Study on a Sample of Corporations in Jeddah". Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):20-38]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 4. doi:10.7537/marslsj1301s1604.

Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility; Sustainable Development

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Effectiveness of a language training program using Discrete Trials Training Strategy in improving expressive language for children with autism disorder

Ahmad Mousa Al-Dawaideh

Department of Special Education, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia

E-mail: drahmad1971@yahoo.com

Abstract: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a language training program using discrete trials strategy in improving expressive language among a sample of children with autism, has been selected members of the study of autistic children enrolled in the Saudi Autistic Society in Jeddah city in Saudi Arabia. The sample of the study consisted of (20) children of males aged between (6-12 years), and were divided randomly into two groups of equal rate of ten children in each group, has been selected one of the two groups were randomly assigned to be the experimental group and subject to the program of improvement of expressive language, and the other to be the control group. The study results indicated presence of statistically significant differences in the improvement of the expressive language among the children of the experimental group and the control group and these differences in favor of experimental group, and the results indicated a statistically significant differences in the skill of naming vocabulary between children of the experimental group and the control group and these differences in favor of experimental group. With regard to skill of naming the sentences, the results of the study indicated that there were statistically significant differences in favor of the experimental group. Finally, the result of current study indicated that there were no statistically significant differences in the means of naming vocabulary, the naming sentences and the overall score on post –test and follow-up test.

[Ahmad Mousa Al-Dawaideh. Effectiveness of a language training program using Discrete Trials Training Strategy in improving expressive language for children with autism disorder. Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):39-47]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 5. doi:10.7537/marslsj1301s1605.

Keywords: Language training program; Discrete trials training strategy; Expressive language; Autism

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Fertility Capability Classification of Some Flood Plain Soils in Kogi State, Central Nigeria

Julius Romiluyi Orimoloye*

Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

*E-mail: juliusorimoloye@gmail.com

Abstract: Sustainable crop production and protection of soil resources requires a proper understanding of the soil resources and limitations as well as allocation of land units to uses that are not adversely affected by the limitations posed by the land area. This study was carried out to evaluate some soils of the floodplains near the confluence area of River Niger in Central Nigeria using the Fertility Capability Classification (FCC) approach. Nine soil types identified in a land area covering a total of 18,750 ha of land straddling the floodplains of River Niger and Benue in Kogi State, Central Nigeria were characterized and classified using the USDA soil taxonomy and World Reference Base (WRB) Soil classification methods. The FCC system was used to evaluate the soils based on physical and chemical fertility constraints and limitations for general arable cropping. The starata and sub-starata types of the soils comprised mainly of Loamy topsoils with three of the pedons showing clayey starata types. Classification of the soils into various FCC units reveals that over 80% of the soils are arable with only one soil type – Leptic Cambisol with FCC unit LR⁺⁺⁺ being non arable due to serious limitations of rock outcrops and very high gravel contents. Most of the soils could be effectively utilized for massive production of the common arable crops in the area if the appropriate tillage, soil fertility and land management strategies are applied.

[Julius Romiluyi Orimoloye. Fertility Capability Classification of Some Flood Plain Soils in Kogi State, Central Nigeria. Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):48-55]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 6. doi:10.7537/marslsj1301s1606.

Keywords: Land evaluation, fertility capability classification, floodplains, soil limitations

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Increased Intracranial Pressure: Effect of Educational Nursing Guidelines on Nurses’ Performance in Neuro-Critical Care Unit 

Naglaa Elsayed Mahday^1, Nahed Ahmed Mersal¹ and Zeinab Hessien² 

¹Assist. prof. Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

²Lecturer Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

dr_hager78@yahoo.com 

Abstract: Enhancing competency in the nursing care of patients with increased intracranial pressure is recom­mended to maintain a current knowledge base and practice. Ongoing participation in education on the management of whose patients required for nurses to provide optimal care and optimize patients’ outcomes. Aims: The aim of this study was to assess and evaluate the effect of educational nursing guidelines on nurses’ performance caring for patients with increased intracranial pressure in neuro-critical care unit. Subjects and Methods: Design: A quasi experimental design was used. Setting: The study was conducted in Intensive Care Unit at El-Demerdash University Hospital. Sample: A purposive sample of 30 nurses caring for patients with increased intracranial pressure in the previously mentioned setting. Tools for data collection: A Self administered structured questionnaire and observational checklists. Results: There was a statistically significance differences between pre & post guidelines implementation regarding knowledge, practice and attitude of the studied nurses caring for patients with increased intracranial pressure. Conclusions: educational nursing guideline was helpful on the improvement of knowledge, practices and attitude of the nurses' caring for patients with increased intracranial pressure. Recommendations: Periodic in service – training advanced care programs regarding the nursing care for patients with increased intracranial pressure.

[Naglaa Elsayed Mahday, Nahed Ahmed Mersal and Zeinab Hessien. Increased Intracranial Pressure: Effect of Educational Nursing Guidelines on Nurses’ Performance in Neuro-critical Care Unit. Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):56-70]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 7. doi:10.7537/marslsj1301s1607.

Key words: Increased intracranial pressure, guidelines, nurses’ performance

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Comparative study between molecular and non-molecular methods used for detection of Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci in Tanta University Hospitals, Egypt

Marwa Mostafa Shalaby¹, Kareman Ahmed Eshra¹, and Wageih Salem El-Naghy¹, Radwa Mahmoud El-Sharaby²

¹Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt

² Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt

Wag.salem@gmail.com

Abstract: Introduction: Enterococci have become resistant to a wide range of antibiotics which include aminoglycosides and glycopeptides like vancomycin. The rapid increase of vancomycin resistance compromises physicians’ ability to treat infections caused by these strains because the therapeutic options for VRE infections are very limited. Methods: The present study included 112 hospitalized patients having nosocomial infections. Selective culture was done on bile esculinazide agar for all suspicious colonies. Enterococcal species were identified using the VITEK-2 system. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern for enterococcal isolates was done using disc diffusion method. Chromogenic medium used for screening VRE, The MIC of vancomycin was determined by E test and PCR was done for detection of vanA gene. Results: Out of 112 patients, 32 enterococci species (28.6%) were isolated. Most commonly isolated species were E. feacalis (53%), followed by E. facium (40.6%), E. avium (3.1%), and E. durans (3.1%). VRE strains were E. facium (83.3%) and E. feacalis (16.7%). By disc diffusion method, 34.4% of isolated enterococci were VRE. The same percentage was detected by Chrome agar. Lower percentage (18.8%) was detected by Vitek2 and E-test. Van A gene could be detected in 18.8% of enterococci. The highest sensitivity and specificity (100%) was proved by both E-test and Vitek2 and specificity (92%), Chrome agar showed 100% sensitivity but 81% specificity. However, disc diffusion method showed 83.3% sensitivity and 77% specificity. Accuracies of VRE detection by disk diffusion method, chrome agar, E-test method, and Vitek 2 system were 78%, 84%, 100%, 100% respectively. Conclusion: PCR assay are in agreement with E-test and Vitek2 automated system employed for identification and test susceptibility of clinical Enterococcus spp. However, disk diffusion method proved to be less reliable for detection of resistance and should be replaced by routine MIC testing.

[Marwa Mostafa Shalaby, Kareman Ahmed Eshra, and Wageih Salem El-Naghy, Radwa Mahmoud El-Sharaby. Comparative study between molecular and non-molecular methods used for detection of Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci in Tanta University Hospitals, Egypt. Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):71-78]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 8. doi:10.7537/marslsj1301s1608.

Keywords: Enterococci, Multidrug resistant enterococci, VRE, Chromogenic media, Infection control of VRE, vanA gene, PCR.

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Effect of Applying Nesting Technique as a Developmental Care on Physiological Functioning and Neurobehavioral Organization of Premature Infants

Nahed Saied Mohamed El-Nagger and Orban Ragab Bayoumi

Pediatric Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University, Egypt

E-mail: nahidalngar@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Premature infants are highly vulnerable group of the population. Premature births accounts the highest mortality rate among infants in the first year of life. Behavioral organization is the ability of the infant to maintain a balance between autonomic/ physiologic, motor, state, attention and interaction, and self-regulation via which the infant is in continual interaction with the infant's environment. Whereas, developmental care are interventions taken to support the behavioral organization of each individual infant, enhancing physiological functioning, protecting sleep rhythms and promoting growth and maturation. These interventions include handling and positioning measures, reduction of noxious environmental stimuli, and cue based care. Developmental positioning as nesting technique is a common nursing skill used in the developmental care of premature infant. Whereas, this skill maintain premature infants in a comfortable position; facilitate the monitoring of stable vital signs, and enable spontaneous motor activity for normal neuromuscular and skeletal joint function. Aim: Evaluate the effect of applying nesting technique as a developmental care on physiological functioning and neurobehavioral organization of premature infants. Design: A quasi-experimental study was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at Maternity and Gynecological Hospital affiliated to Ain Shams University Hospitals. Subjects: A purposive sample composed of eighty premature infants were chosen from previously mentioned hospital and was divided into two identical groups (study and control). Tools: Three tools were used; Premature Infants Assessment Sheet (PIAS), Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Tool (NBAT) and Neonatal Infants Pain Scale (NIPS). Results: There were high statistical significant differences concerning premature infants' physiological, behavioral and neurological outcome as regards temperature, oxygen saturation (SaO₂), infant's crying, sleeping, motor activity and primitive reflexes between study and control groups. Conclusion: The current study concluded that applying nesting technique as a developmental care had a positive effect on physiological functioning, and behavioral organization of premature infants. Recommendations: Emphasize on the importance of applying nesting technique for all premature infants in the NICUs as standard of developmental care and further research for implementing training program for all nurses working in the NICUs regarding applying nesting technique as developmental care to improve their quality and proficiency of care for premature infants.

[Nahed Saied Mohamed El-Nagger and Orban Ragab Bayoumi. Effect of Applying Nesting Technique as a Developmental Care on Physiological Functioning and Neurobehavioral Organization of Premature Infants. Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):79-92]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 9. doi:10.7537/marslsj1301s1609.

Key Words: Nesting Technique, Developmental Care, Physiological Functioning, Neurobehavioral Organization, Premature Infants.

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Aluminum –Induced Oxidative Stress and Hepato -Renal Impairment in Male Albino Rats: Possible Protective trial with Naringenin

Tamer S. Imam¹, Hesham A. Khalifa², Mohamed M.A.Hussein³ and Haytham. A. Ali³

¹Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Vet, Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.

²Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Vet, Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.

³Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet, Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig Egypt.

tamerforensic@yahoo.com

Abstract: Aluminum is widely distributed in the environment and present in various food additives, manufactured foods and therapeutic treatment. Also, it is added to drinking water during purification purposes, thus increasing human and animal exposure risk to this metal. A body of evidence has accumulated implicating the free radical generation with subsequent oxidative stress in the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of aluminum toxicity. Naringenin (NAR) is a naturally occurring plant bioflavonoid, which has been reported to have awide range of pharmacological properties and free radicals scavenging activities. Since liver and kidney considered critical organs for Al toxicity, so this study was conducted to elucidate the effectiveness of naringenin in alleviating Al-induced liver and kidney toxicity in rats. For this, forty male albino rats were allocated into four groups. Group I (control) received normal saline. Group II was administered NAR at a dose of 50 mg/kg b.wt. Group III was orally treated with AlCl₃ at a dose of 34 mg/kg b.wt. Group IV was simultaneously treated with AlCl₃ and NAR together at the same doses. All treatments were performed daily via oral route and maintained for 70 days. Hepatic and renal dysfunction was evaluated by investigating serum biomarkers. Liver and kidney GPx activity, GSH level and MDA level as indicator of lipid peroxidation were assayed. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney was conducted. Aluminum treatment resulted in a significant increase in serum AST, ALT, ALP activities, billirubin concentration, urea and creatinine level with decreased serum total protein and albumin. AlCl₃ significantly inhibited the GPx activity, reduced GSH level and increased MDA level in liver and kidney. Histopathological examination revealed deformities in hepatic and renal tissues due to aluminum exposure which augment the aforementioned results. Co- administration of NAR along with Al significantly restore the serum biomarkers to their near-normal levels and have the ability to overcome Al –induced oxidative stress, manifested by significant reduction in hepatic and renal MDA level, with enhanced cellular antioxidant defense particulary GPx and GSH and preserved normal hepatic and renal histological architecture. From these results, it could be concluded that NAR can mop up Al-induce toxicity, suggesting that the hepatoprotective and nephroprotective potential of NAR in aluminum toxicity may be owed to its antioxidant and metal chelating properties, which may be useful in achieving optimum effects in Al-induced hepatic and renal damage.

[Tamer S. Imam, Hesham A. Khalifa, Mohamed M.A.Hussein and Haytham. A. Ali. Aluminum –Induced Oxidative Stress and Hepato -Renal Impairment in Male Albino Rats: Possible Protective trial with Naringenin. Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):93-104]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 10. doi:10.7537/marslsj1301s1610.

Keywords Aluminum, naringenin, antioxidants activities, liver, kidney, rats.

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The Integrative Relationship between Conceptual Art and Fashion Design Art

Prof. Dr. Nermin Abdel Rahman Abdel Basset¹ and Dr. Roaa Suhail Hassan Kaddy²

¹ Professor of Fashion Design, Faculty of Home Economics - King Abdulaziz University - Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

²Instructor, Faculty of Arts and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia

Nermo69@yahoo.com

Abstract: The research findings suggest that the development of the creative aspect of a fashion designer is an important issue on which it builds the personality of the fashion designer, which must be singular and unique. The ability to innovate in the production or formation of new ideas is one of the most important factors that stimulate design quality. The ability to innovate may rely on recognizing new relationships between different elements, or to give new jobs to them. Fashion design is one of the arts influenced by artistic trends, especially the conceptual art school. This research attempts to introduce researchers and fashion designers how to analyze and link between the school of conceptual art and fashion design, and to look at the design with a conscious eye. This helps the raise of the artistic awareness of those interested in the field of fashion design and arts, in addition of studying some of the pioneers of the conceptual art school, and Fashion designers influenced by that trend.

[Nermin Abdel Rahman Abdel Basset and Roaa Suhail Hassan Kaddy. The Integrative Relationship between Conceptual Art and Fashion Design Art. Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):105-116]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 11. doi:10.7537/marslsj1301s1611.

Keywords: integrative relationship; conceptual art; fashion design art

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Prevalence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and its Relation to Self-esteem, Depression, and Quality of Life of Female Students in Health-Related Faculties at Umm Al-Qura University

Hanan Said Ali¹, Youssreya Ibrahim², Abdullah A Saati³, Esraa Esam-Eldin¹, Muna Ibrahim H Al Harbi⁴

Medical Surgical Nursing¹, Critical Care Nursing², Environmental Health and Toxicology Department of Community Medicine and Pilgrims Healthcare. Faculty of Medicine³, Community Health Nursing⁴, Umm Al Qura University, Saudi Aribia

dr_hanan10@yahoo.com

Abstract: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a widespread disorder associated with stressful factors among university students. This study aim was to measure the prevalence of IBS among female students in health-related faculties, identify its potential risk factors, and assess associated psychological aspects such as symptoms of depression, self-esteem, and Quality of Life (QoL). This cross-sectional analytic study was conducted on 1351 female students enrolled in all medical faculties, faculty of nursing, pharmacy, applied medical science and faculty of medicine, dentist at Umm Al Qura University, Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data regarding IBS (developed by the World Gastroenterology Organization), self-esteem (Rosenberg self-esteem scale), and depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), the IBS-QoL scale, in addition to relevant socio-demographic and health data. Data were collected from December 2013 to May 2014. The prevalence of IBS was 33.7% (95% CI 31.33-36.07); 58.5% had depressive symptoms (95% CI 56.03-60.97); 9.3% had low self-esteem (95% CI 7.85-10.75), and 10.0% had low QoL (95% CI 8.50-11.50). From multivariate analysis, IBS was associated with use of laxatives (OR=4.14), stress (OR=2.14), and drinking tea (OR=1.43), while the intake of fibers was protective (OR=0.65). The presence of IBS was significant independent factor leading to worse QoL, while a higher school year and a higher self-esteem were associated with better QoL. The study concludes that the prevalence of IBS among university students in health-related faculties is high. Its independently associated factors are stress, use of laxatives, and low fiber intake. The disorder is associated with high prevalence of depressive symptoms and low QoL, in addition to low self-esteem. Screening programs for IBS and related psychological problems are recommended.

[Hanan Said Ali, Youssreya Ibrahim, Abdullah A Saati, Esraa Esam-Eldin, Muna Ibrahim H Al Harbi. Prevalence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and its Relation to Self-esteem, Depression, and Quality of Life of Female Students in Health-Related Faculties at Umm Al-Qura University. Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):117-128]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 12. doi:10.7537/marslsj1301s1612.

Keywords: Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Self-esteem, Depression, Quality of Life, University students.

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Comparative Study Between Intrathecal Morphine-Bupivacaine and Tramadol-Bupivacaine in Major Lower Limb Orthopedic Surgery

Abdelwahab A. Saleh, Alaa El-Din M. Sayed and Abdellah M. Ahmed

Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Al-azhar University

Abdelwahabsaleh7020@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Spinal anesthesia is the most common performed method in prolonged lower limb surgeries. Bupivacaine is routinely used with addition of a number of adjuvants to increase its duration and potency of analgesia such as opioids and Tramadol. Objective: aimed to compare the effect of intrathecal morphine-bupivacaine and tramadol- bupivacaine on the onset and duration of sensory and motor blokade, as well as postoperative analgesia in major lower limb orthopedic surgery. Patients and methods: Patients of either sex, aged 18 to 55 years, American Society of Anasthesiologists (ASA) grade I and II undergoing major lower limb orthopedic surgery were enrolled in this study. January to December 2015 at anesthiology and ICU department in Said Galal, Al-Azhar University Hospital. Patients were randomly categorized into two groups (30 of each): Group BT: Received heavy bupivacaine 0.5% 15 mg (3 ml) mixed with Tramadol 25mg (0.5 ml). Group BM: Received heavy bupivacaine 0.5% 15mg (3 ml) mixed with morphine sulphate 0.2 mg (0.5 ml). Monitoring of vital parameters, mean blood pressure, respiratory rate, oxygenation, onset of spinal analgesia, level of sensory block, onset of motor block, time of two segment regression post operative analgesia, time of post operative analgesic supplementation after 4 to 8 hours from intrathecal injection, post operative changes in sedation score, respiratory depression and post operative complications (vomting, pruritis, shivering, post dural puncture headache, nurological complications. Results: there's no significant difference between both groups as regard time of onset of spinal analgesia, level of sensory block, onset of motor block, time of two segment regression post operative analgesia, time of post operative analgesic supplementation and post operative complications (vomting, pruritis, shivering, post dural puncture headache, nurological complications. But there is a significant difference between them as regard respiratory depression and pruritis. Conclusions: Addition of tramadol to heavy bupivacaine can provide the same degree of motor and sensory blockade, the same sensory level, with less side effects and respiratory depression.

[Abdelwahab A. Saleh, Alaa El-Din M. Sayed and Abdellah M. Ahmed. Comparative Study Between Intrathecal Morphine-Bupivacaine and Tramadol-Bupivacaine in Major Lower Limb Orthopedic Surgery. Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):129-133]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 13. doi:10.7537/marslsj1301s1613.

Keywords: Bupivacaine, intrathecal analgesia, morphine, tramadol.

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Comparison between immediate implants replacement of periapical and periodontally infected teeth

Fathey Abdel Aziem Ebrahiem Abo Zaid

Assistant Professor of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral diagnosis and Oral Radiology, faculty of Dental Medicine - Al-Azhar University (Assiut), Egypt.

drfathey@yahoo.com

Abstract: Aim: To compare the survival rate, marginal bone level loss and bone density around the immediate placement implant in periapical infected versus periodontal infected sockets. Patients and methods Twenty patients were selected, ten patients suffering from periapical infected tooth subjected to immediate placement in upper anterior region (Group1) and patients suffering from periodontally hopeless tooth subjected to immediate placement in upper anterior region (Group 2). After extraction on each infected tooth, the socket was debrided and the implants were placed immediately. The final restorations and leading were achieved 3 month following placement. Clinical parameters including modified Plaque Index (m PI), modified Gingival Index (m GI) and Pocket Depth (PD) were evaluated for each four surface of the implants at intervals 6,9 and 12 months post-surgically. Themarginal boneloss (MBL) and bone density (BD) we reassessed at baseline, 3, 6, 9, 12 months of implant placement. Descriptive analysis, paired and unpaired t-test were performed. Results After 12 months, the survival rates were 100% in each group. The means scores of marginal bone level loss in group 1 were significant higher than group 2 at the different intervals. The means scores of bone density in group 1 were significant higher than group 2 at the different intervals. At baseline the mean scores of bone density were very highly significant difference between the two groups. This difference gradually decreased during the follow up periods and become non-significant at 12 months interval. Conclusions Immediate implant placement of periapical and periodontal infected teeth could be considered promising modality in restoring upper esthetic teeth with high survival rate.

[Fathey Abdel Aziem Ebrahiem Abo Zaid. Comparison between immediate implants replacement of periapical and periodontally infected teeth. Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):134-141]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 14. doi:10.7537/marslsj1301s1614.

Keywords: implants, periapical, periodontally infected teeth

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New Successful Strategy by Application of Antibiotic and Foliar Fertilizer for Controlling of Meloidogyne javanica Infected Gladiolus Plants and its Connectedness of Plants Characteristics

M.M. Moussa¹ and M.S. Abo-Korah²

¹Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom, Egypt

²Economic Entomology and Agricultural Zoology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom, Egypt.

Abokora_2030@yahoo.com

Abstract: Pot experiment under field condition was carried out during two successive seasons (2013/2014 and 2014/2015) to evaluate the effect of various levels of foliar fertilizer (Nofatrien) at (0, 4, 8 and 12 ml/L) solely or combined with different concentrations of Streptomycin (0,25,50,75 and 100 ppm) for controlling Meloidogyne javanica infected Gladiolus grandiflorus cv., white prosperity plants in relation to its flowering growth parameters; corms and cormels production, as well as, chemical composition. Generally, most of treatments significantly reduced number of root galls; egg masses; soil and root population density of M. javanica and increased all flowering growth parameters i.e. (flowering stem length; flowering stem diameter; number of florets/spike; inflorescence length; fresh and dry weights of inflorescence); corms and cormels production such as (corms diameter; corms fresh weight; number of cormels/plant; fresh and dry weights of cormels/plant) as well as chemical composition in both seasons compared with untreated plants. Combined treatment of (streptomycin 50 ppm + foliar fertilizer 12 ml/litter) gave the highest reduction percentages on M. javanica population (80.1 and 84.4%) through the two successive seasons, respectively. In addition, application of the same previous combined treatment gave a best results of gall index (1.0 and 1.0); egg-masses production (4.0 and 3.0), in the both seasons, respectively, and a better enhancement in Gladiolus morphological characters, flowering stem length (80.37 and 79.2 cm); flowering stem diameter (0.90 and 0.95 cm), number of florets/spike (13.16, 13.22); diameter of new corms (6.27 and 6.13 cm) and number of cormels (63.45 and 59.83) for both seasons, respectively.

[M.M. Moussa and M.S. Abo-Korah. New Successful Strategy by Application of Antibiotic and Foliar Fertilizer for Controlling of Meloidogyne javanica Infected Gladiolus Plants and its Connectedness of Plants Characteristics. Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):142-151]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 15. doi:10.7537/marslsj1315s1615.

Keywords: Meloidogyne javanica, Control, streptomycin, foliar fertilizer, Gladiolus.

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Nurses' Awareness Regarding Implementing Smart Pump to Enhance Safety and Error Reduction

Wafaa M Abd El kader¹, Maysa Saber M. Ismail²

¹Pediatric Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Egypt

²Pediatric Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Damanhur University, Egypt

wafaa.ahmed10@gmail.com

Abstract: Intravenous medication is essential for all pediatric hospital inpatients. However, providing intravenous therapy is complex and errors are common. ‘Smart pumps’ incorporating dose error reduction software has been widely advocated to reduce error. However, little is known about nurses' awareness regarding implementing smart pump to enhance safety and error reduction. Therefore, this study explored the nurses' knowledge regarding administration of intravenous infusion using smart pump.

[Wafaa M Abd El kader, Maysa Saber M. Ismail. Nurses' Awareness Regarding Implementing Smart Pump to Enhance Safety and Error Reduction. Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):152-160]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 16. doi:10.7537/marslsj1301s1616.

Keywords: Awareness, Safety, Smart Pump.

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Assessment of cognitive functions in posterior circulation ischemic stroke

Mahmoud A. Saleh, Mahmoud A. Moety Monzer, Hossam M Emam, Khaled M Sobh, Ahmed E Sarhan

Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

Mahmouds5@hotmail.com

Abstract: Background: Posterior circulation ischemic stroke refers to ischemic brain insult restricted to vertebrobasilar vascular tree. Cognitive impairment occurs frequently after stroke, commonly involving memory, orientation, language, and attention. The presence of cognitive impairment in patients with stroke has important functional consequences, independent of the effects of physical impairment. Objectives: Assessment of cognitive functions by psychometric tests and patterns event related potentials for early management of subtle cognitive impairment in vertebrobasilar ischemic stroke patients. Methods: This case-control prospective study included 24 vertebrobasilar ischemic stroke patients admitted to our stroke unit and outpatient clinic during a six-month period and 20 control subjects matched for age, sex and educational level. The patients were divided into four groups according to the ischemic region, which included 8 thalamic, 7 cerebellar, 5 brainstem and 4 occipital stroke patients. Assessments included the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) for cognition and (P300 and P600) Event-Related Potentials (ERP) waves were conducted. Results: Patients with vertebrobasilar stroke had lower MMSE score (P=0.001) and CASI score (P=0.001) than control. 33% of vertebrobasilar ischemic stroke patients have cognitive impairment by psychometric tests. Impaired cognitive domain included attention, memory and visual-spatial abilities. Patients with thalamic infarction have experienced more cognitive dysfunction than other subtypes. Presence of more than one stroke had a negative impact on cognitive functions in vertebrobasilar ischemic stroke. Prolonged P300 & P600 latency and reduced amplitude are correlated with cognitive impairment. Conclusion: In vertebrobasilar stroke patients, cognitive impairment is one of the most important manifestations, it occurred in 33 %. CASI is an accurate and reliable test for detecting cognitive impairment in vertebrobasilar ischemic stroke. ERPs (P300 & P600) waves are considered of value in assessment of cognitive dysfunction and can be used for following up patients. Studies of stroke outcome and intervention should take into account both cognitive and physical impairments.

[Mahmoud A. Saleh, Mahmoud A. Moety Monzer, Hossam M Emam, Khaled M Sobh, Ahmed E Sarhan. Assessment of cognitive functions in posterior circulation ischemic stroke. Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):161-165]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 17. doi:10.7537/marslsj1301s1617.

Keywords: Posterior circulation, ischemic stroke, vertebrobasilar stroke, cognitive function

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Novel and Conventional Causes of Trigeminal neuralgia and its impact on management

Mahmoud Abdel-Moety Monzer¹ and Abdel-Salam El Ashry²

¹Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine (For Boys), Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

²Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine (For Boys), Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

mahmoudabdelmoety@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is usually a long-term condition may be idiopathic or symptomatic. Cerebrovascular stroke is the most common acute neurological illness. The aim of this study: The aim is identification if there are new vascular etiology for trigeminal neuralgia and to know is there is role for antiplateletin treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. Subject and methods: All patients were submitted to detailed history, clinical examination, scale for change in pain degree and neuroimaging as CT and / or, MRI ± MRA brain. Laboratory investigations, carotid and vertebrobasilar duplex, ECG, Echocardiography, Nerve conduction study and different modalities of Evoked Potential were done for patients according to etiology and when indicated. Results: This study was carried out on 62 patients with trigeminal neuralgia. It affects females more than males. In the vast majority of cases (91.8%) pain is limited to one side of the face, however right side (54.8 %) more affected than left side (37 %). Occasionally it affects both sides of the face in 8 %of cases at different times in an individual, or even more rarely at the same time (called bilateral TN). Pain involve three divisions of the face in 87 % of cases, lower part of the face in 8 %of cases and upper part of the face in 4.8 % of cases. 95.2 % of patients have typical or “classic” form of trigeminal neuralgia TN1. TN2 is present in 7 % of cases. Regarding etiological factors for symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia in this study; trigeminal hypoesthesia is present in 14 % of cases, hearing affection is present in 7 % of cases, pyramidal signs are present in 12.6 % of cases and long sensory tract affection is present in 7.93% of cases. Normal MRI & MRA Brain is present in 33.87 %. Normal MRI with attenuated one or both vertebral arteries in MRA Brain is present in 14.5 % of cases. Also, this study found that stroke etiology present in 51.5 % of cases and rare in people under the age of 40 (7.93 %) of cases but migraine is not rare (14.5 %) of cases. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), and dyslipidemia were risk factors for strokes. There was marked improvement of pain in nearly all patients indicated by presence of highly significant difference between pain intensity in the first visit and subsequent visits in patients with normal MRI and MRA Brain, patients with normal MRI and attenuated one or both vertebral arteries in MRA Brain and stroke groups (P<0.01)for each. Also, there was a significant difference between these groups as regard recovery index (P= 0.04) being better in idiopathic one. Conclusion: Detailed history, clinical examination, and neuroimaging as MRI ± MRA brain are essential to know etiology, diagnosis with subsequent effective treatment for patient with trigeminal neuralgia. Attenuated one or both vertebral arteries, stroke, migraine and ectatic vessels are vascular causes for symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia. Treatment of etiological factors, symptomatic control of pain and improvement of trigeminal nerve vasculature by antiplatelet as acetylsalicylic acid are essential for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia and prevention of development of strokes.

[Mahmoud Abdel-Moety Monzer and Abdel-Salam El Ashry. Novel and Conventional Causes of Trigeminal neuralgia and its impact on management. Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):166-175]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 18. doi:10.7537/marslsj1301s1618.

Keywords: trigeminal neuralgia, Facial pain, causes, antiplatelet, stroke, migraine

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Administrative Information Systems of Sports Organizations and its Relation to Decision Making for Board Members

Dr. Ez El-Din Mohamed Ahmed

Assistant prof., Department of Sports Administration, Faculty of Physical Education, Helwan University, Egypt.

prof.dr_ezzeldin@yahoo.com

Abstract: The current research aims to identify administrative information systems of some sports organizations and the effects of administrative information systems on decision making for board members of some sports organizations. The researchers used the descriptive (survey) approach. Participants (n=130) were purposefully chosen from board members of sports organizations. The researchers used Decision Making Scale. Results indicated that: (1) Administrative information systems help board members to take decisions in sports organizations. (2) There are modern administrative information systems in sports organizations. (3) Chairmen and board members of sports organizations understand administrative information systems.

[Ez El-Din Mohamed Ahmed. Administrative Information Systems of Sports Organizations and its Relation to Decision Making for Board Members. Life Sci J 2016;13(1s):176-181]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 19. doi:10.7537/marslsj1301s1619.

Key Words: administrative information systems – sports organizations – decision making

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